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Immune Responses and Transcriptomic Analysis of Nilaparvata lugens against Metarhizium anisopliae YTTR Mediated by Rice Ragged Stunt Virus

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dc.contributor.author Xuewen, Li
dc.contributor.author Zhang, Bang
dc.contributor.author Jiaxing, Zou
dc.contributor.author Qianqian, Li
dc.contributor.author Jianli, Liu
dc.contributor.author Shouping, Cai
dc.contributor.author Akutse, Komivi
dc.contributor.author Min-sheng, You
dc.contributor.author Sheng, Lin
dc.date.accessioned 2023-03-28T08:36:50Z
dc.date.available 2023-03-28T08:36:50Z
dc.date.issued 2023
dc.identifier.uri https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12020345
dc.description publication en_US
dc.description.abstract Plant viruses and entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) can both elicit immune responses in insects. This study was designed to clarify whether plant viruses could affect the efficacy of EPF and explore the immune responses of brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens, in response to different pathogen infections. In this study, a strain of Metarhizium anisopliae YTTR with high pathogenicity against BPH was selected and explored whether rice ragged stunt virus (RRSV) could affect its lethality against BPH. RNA-seq was used to detect the inner responses of BPH in response to RRSV and M. anisopliae YTTR infection. Results showed that M. anisopliae YTTR has strong lethality against BPH (RRSV-carrying and RRSV-free). RRSV invasion did not affect the susceptibility of BPH against M. anisopliae YTTR at all concentrations. At 1 × 108 spores/mL, M. anisopliae YTTR caused a cumulative mortality of 80% to BPH at 7 days post-treatment. The largest numbers of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was obtained in BPH treated with the two pathogens than in other single pathogen treatment. In addition, KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the DEGs were mostly enriched in immune and physiological mechanisms-related pathways. Both RRSV and M. anisopliae YTTR could induce the expression changes of immune-related genes. However, most of the immune genes had varying expression patterns in different treatment. Our findings demonstrated that RRSV invasion did not have any significant effect on the pathogenicity of M. anisopliae YTTR, while the co-infection of M. anisopliae YTTR and RRSV induced more immune and physiological mechanisms -related genes’ responses. In addition, the presence of RRSV could render the interplay between BPH and M. anisopliae YTTR more intricate. These findings laid a basis for further elucidating the immune response mechanisms of RRSV-mediated BPH to M. anisopliae infection. en_US
dc.description.sponsorship Fujian Provincial Science and Technology Key Project Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province National Key Research and Development Program of China National Natural Science Foundation of China Innovative Science Foundation Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Program in Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University. en_US
dc.publisher MDPI -Plant en_US
dc.rights Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States *
dc.rights.uri http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/ *
dc.subject brown planthopper en_US
dc.subject entomopathogenic fungi en_US
dc.subject rice virus en_US
dc.subject innate immunity en_US
dc.subject RNA-seq en_US
dc.title Immune Responses and Transcriptomic Analysis of Nilaparvata lugens against Metarhizium anisopliae YTTR Mediated by Rice Ragged Stunt Virus en_US
dc.type Article en_US


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