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Larval Habitats of Anopheles gambiae s.s. (Diptera: Culicidae) Influences Vector Competence to Plasmodium Falciparum Parasites

Okech, Bernard A; Gouagna, Louis C; Yan, Guiyun; Githure, John I; Beier, John C (BioMed Central, 2007)

Background: The origin of highly competent malaria vectors has been linked to productive larval habitats in the field, but there isn't solid quantitative or qualitative data to support it. To test this, the effect of larval ...
An Exploratory Study of Community Factors Relevant for Participatory Malaria Control on Rusinga Island, western Kenya

Opiyo, Pamela; Mukabana, W. Richard; Kiche, Ibrahim; Mathenge, Evan; Killeen, Gerry F; Fillinger, Ulrike (BioMed Central, 2007)

Background: Capacity strengthening of rural communities, and the various actors that support them, is needed to enable them to lead their own malaria control programmes. Here the existing capacity of a rural community in ...
Mosquito Larval Habitats in Semiarid Ecosystem in Eritrea: Impact of Larval Habitat Management on Anopheles arabiensis Population.

Shililu, Josephat; Mbogo, Charles; Ghebremeskel, Tewolde; Githure, John; Novak, Robert (The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2007)

This study investigated the impact of larval management and the temporal variation in larval productivity in Eritrea, a semiarid ecosystem. Results of this study show that mosquito breeding persists throughout the year ...
Convergent Evolution of eye Ultrastructure and Divergent Evolution of Vision-mediated Predatory Behaviour in Jumping Spiders

Su, K. F.; Meier, R.; Jackson, R. R.; Harland, D. P.; Li, D. (European Society for Evolutionary Biology, 2007)

All jumping spiders have unique, complex eyes with exceptional spatial acuity and some of the most elaborate vision-guided predatory strategies ever documented for any animal of their size. However, it is only recently ...
Anopheles gambiae Exploits the Treehole Ecosystem in Western Kenya: A New Urban Malaria Risk?

Omlin, Francois X; Carlson, John C; Ogbunugafor, C. Brandon; Hassanali, Ahmed (The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2007)

At six sites in western Kenya, we explored the presence of Anopheles immature stages in treeholes. An. gambiae larvae were found in 19 species, 13 of which are exotic. The most common exotic species were Delonix regia, ...
Larvicidal Activity of Piper Guineense and Spilanthes Mauritiana Crude-powder against Anopheles gambiae and Culex Quinquefasciatus in Kilifi District, Kenya

Ohaga, Spala; Ndiege, Isaiah O.; Kubasu, Sammy S.; Beier, John C; Mbogo, Charles M. (Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2007)

Field trials were conducted in Kilifi District, Kenya on the activity of Piper guineense and Spilantus mauritiana...(continue from the attached pdf)
Susceptibility of Non-target Aquatic Micro-invertebrates and Vertebrates to Piper guineense (Piperaceae) and Spilanthes mauritiana (Asteraceae) Powder in Kilifi District, Kenya.

Ndiege, S. O.; Kubasu, S. S; Beier, J. C.; Mbogo, C. M (Academic Journals, 2007)

Powders of Piper guineense and Spilanthes mauritiana, potential mosquito larvicides, (continue from the attached pdf)
Spatial Distribution and Habitat Characterisation of Anopheles Larvae along the Kenyan Coast

Mwangangi, Joseph M; Mbogo, Charles M.; Muturi, Ephantus J.; Nzovu, Joseph G.; Githure, John I; Yan, Guiyun; Minakawa, Noboru; Novak, Robert J; Beier, John C (Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), 2007)

Background & objectives: A study was conducted to characterise larval habitats and to determine spatial heterogeneity of the Anopheles mosquito larvae. The study was conducted from May to June 1999 in nine villages along ...
Larval Habitat Dynamics and Diversity of Culex Mosquitoes in rice Agro-ecosystem in Mwea, Kenya.

Muturi, Ephantus J.; Shililu, Josephat I.; Gu, Weidong; Jacob, Benjamin G.; Githure, John I; Novak, Robert J (The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2007)

Introduction of irrigation projects in developing nations has often been blamed for aggravating the problem of mosquito-borne diseases by creating ideal larval habitats for vector mosquitoes. However, whereas several studies ...
Mosquito Species Succession and Physicochemical Factors Affecting Their Abundance in Rice Fields in Mwea, Kenya

Muturi, Ephantus J.; Mwangangi, Joseph; Shililu, Josephat; Muriu, Simon; Kabiru, Ephantus; Jacob, Benjamin; Mbogo, Charles; Githure, John; Novak, Robert (Entomological Society of America, 2007)

The succession of mosquito species and abiotic factors affecting their distribution and abundance in rice (Oryza spp.) Þelds was investigated over a 16-wk rice growing cycle covering the period between January and May 2006. ...
Influence of Biological and Physicochemical Characteristics of Larval Habitats on the Body Size of Anopheles gambiae Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) along the Kenyan coast

Mwangangi, Joseph M; Mbogo, Charles M.; Muturi, Ephantus J.; Nzovu, Joseph G.; Kabiru, Ephantus W.; Githure, John I; Novak, Robert J; Beier, John C (Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), 2007)

Background & objectives: The number and productivity of larval habitats ultimately determine the density of adult mosquitoes. The biological and physicochemical conditions at the larval habitat affect larval development ...
Environmental Covariates of Anopheles arabiensis in a Rice Agroecosystem in Mwea, Central Kenya

Mwangangi, Joseph M; Muturi, Ephantus J.; Shililu, Josephat I.; Muriu, Simon; Jacob, Benjamin G.; Kabiru, Ephantus W.; Mbogo, Charles M.; Githure, John I; Novak, Robert J (The American Mosquito Control Association, 2007)

Water quality of aquatic habitats is an important determinant of female mosquito oviposition and successful larval development. This study examined the influence of environmental covariates on Anopheles arabiensis mosquito ...
Estimating Dispersal and Survival of Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles funestus Along the Kenyan Coast by Using Mark–Release–Recapture Methods

Midega, Janet T.; Mbogo, Charles M.; Mwambi, Henr; Wilson, Michael D.; Ojwang, Gordo; Mwangangi, Joseph M.; Nzovu, Joseph G.; Githure, John I; Yan, Guiyu; Beier, John C (Entomological Society of America, 2007)

Mark-Drelease-Drecapture (MRR) experiments were conducted with emerging Anopheles gambiae s.l. and Anopheles funestus Giles at Jaribuni and Mtepeni in KiliÞ, along the Kenyan Coast. Of 739 and 1,246 Anopheles released at ...
Vision-based Ability of an Ant-mimicking Jumping Spider to Discriminate Between Models, Conspecific Individuals and Prey

Nelson, Ximena J.; Jackson, R. R. (Birkhauser Verlag, Basel, 2007)

Myrmarachne assimilis, an ant-like (myrmecomorphic) jumping spider (Araneae, Salticidae) from the Philippines, is a Batesian mimic of Oecophylla smaragdina, the Asian weaver ant. Salticids are well known for their acute ...
Clinical Malaria Reduces Human Attractiveness to Mosquitoes

Mukabana, Wolfgang R.; Takken, Willem; Killeen, Gerry F.; Knols, Bart G. J (University of Nairobi, 2007)

Evolutionary fitness concepts dictate that blood parasites should regulate their transmission success by enhancing the responsiveness of arthropod vectors to infectious hosts. We observed that the presence of trophozoite ...
Remote and Field Level Quantification of Vegetation Covariates for Malaria Mapping in Three Rice Agro-village Complexes in Central Kenya

Jacob, Benjamin G.; Muturi, Ephantus J.; Mwangangi, Joseph M.; Funes, Jose; Caamano, Erick X.; Muriu, Simon; Shililu, Josephat; Githure, John; Novak, Robert J (BioMed Central, 2007)

Background: We examined algorithms for malaria mapping using the impact of reflectance calibration uncertainties on the accuracies of three vegetation indices (VI)'s derived from QuickBird data in three rice agro-village ...
Effect of Discriminative Plant-sugar Feeding on the Survival and Fecundity of Anopheles gambiae

Manda, Hortance; Gouagna, Louis C; Foster, Woodbridge A; Jackson, Robert J; Beier, John C; Githure, John I; Hassanali, Ahmed (BioMed Central, 2007)

Background: A previous study showed for Anopheles gambiae s.s. a gradation of feeding preference on common plant species growing in a malaria holoendemic area in western Kenya. The present follow-up study determines whether ...
Discriminative feeding behaviour of Anopheles gambiae s.s. on endemic plants in western Kenya

Manda, H.; Gouagna, L.C.; Enyandat, E.; Kabiru, E. W.; Jackson, R. R.; Foster, W. A.; Githure, J. I.; Beier, J. C.; Hassanali, A. (The Royal Entomological Society, 2007)

Anopheles gambiae Giles s.s. (Diptera: Culicidae) is known to feed on plant sugars, but this is the first experimental study to consider whether it discriminates between plant species. Thirteen perennial plant species ...
Transgenic Mosquitoes and the Fight Against Malaria: Managing Technology Push in a Turbulent GMO World

Knols, Bart G. J; Bossin, Hervé C.; Mukabana, Wolfgang R.; Robinson, Alan S. (The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2007)

Genetic modification (GM) of mosquitoes (which renders them genetically modified organisms, GMOs) offers opportunities for controlling malaria. Transgenic strains of mosquitoes have been developed and evaluation of these ...
Distribution and Relative Importance of Lepidopteran Cereal Stemborers and their Parasitoids in Uganda

Matama-Kauma, T.; Schulthess, F.; Ogwang, J. A.; Mueke, J. M.; Omwega, C. O. (International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecolopgy, 2007)

Infestation levels and parasitism of lepidopteran stemborers on maize were assessed in four agroecological zones (AEZ) in Uganda. The indigenous noctuid Busseola fusca Fuller (Noctuidae) and the invasive Chilo partellus ...

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