Biosystematic studies of the termite genus Odontotermes (Holmgren) with special reference to Kenya

Abstract

Odontotermes is a large and diverse genus containing some species that are pests in agriculture and forestry.Work on genus has been hampered by taxonomic difficulties. The genus has never been revised since it was erected by Holmgren in 1912.In East Africa there are thirty recorded species,more than in any other genus of termites, but most of these cannot be identified with confidence. Some of the type specimens are of alates while others are of soldiers. All available primary types have been examined and compared with East African Odontotermes material. In the study area, Odontotermes species were divided into two groups defined by their size and shape. Species were defined by numerical taxonomy and cluster analysis on a suite of morphological measurements. In addition ecological characteristics were examined especially the external and internal structure of the nest and the detailed sculpture of the fungus combs. By these means, ten species were distinguished, which are described and illustrated. Four species are described as •sp. near•. These species are believed to be new. An attempt has been made to Key the East African Odontot ermes species on the basis of the soldier caste